Rodent guide

Hantavirus in Mice, Rats, Deer Mice, and Rodents

Hantaviruses are linked to specific rodent hosts. This page explains the practical difference between deer mice, rats, pet rodents, and the South American rodents associated with Andes virus.

Quick Facts

Main spread

Droppings

Urine, feces, saliva, and contaminated dust

US HPS

Deer mouse

Main Sin Nombre virus reservoir in the US

Rats

Seoul

Seoul virus can be carried by rats

Prevention

Avoid

Do not disturb dry rodent waste

Rodent Hosts

Different Viruses Have Different Reservoirs

Each hantavirus is associated with particular rodent hosts. In North America, deer mice are important for Sin Nombre virus. In Europe and Asia, other hantaviruses are associated with voles, rats, and field mice.

Andes virus is associated with South American rodents. UKHSA states that the South American rodent species linked to Andes virus are not found in the UK.

How Rodent Exposure Happens

Dust, Surfaces, and Cleanup

Exposure can happen when fresh or dried rodent urine, droppings, saliva, or nesting material is disturbed and contaminated particles are inhaled.

Dry sweeping, vacuuming, or stirring up nesting material can increase exposure risk. Use public-health cleanup guidance for any rodent-contaminated area.

Pet Rats and UK Context

Seoul Virus Is Different From Andes Virus

UK guidance notes very few confirmed hantavirus infections in the United Kingdom, with Seoul virus identified in wild rats. Seoul virus does not spread between people in the way Andes virus can.

Pet rodent owners should still follow hygiene guidance, especially around bedding, cages, bites, scratches, and cleaning.

Frequently Asked Questions

Sources